Riveting tool



P. STONE RIVETING TOOL June 18, 1946.

Filed Sept. 25, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 mm. uw ab mwa. Sax

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INVENTOR PAU/ S70/VE ATTORNEY P. STONE RIVETING TOOL 'June 18, 1946.

Filed sept. 25, 1945 f2 sheets-shee 2 INVENTOR PA UL TOVE ATTORNEY I Y for successively an improved tool, "havingja handlel member which is manually movof 'the latter and also embodies a pulling device "for applying a pulling force to the chuck.

raul same, cleveland,

Ohio, asslgnor to The Cleveland Pneumatic Tool Company, Cleved, (this, a corporation of Ohio Application September 25, 1943, Serial No. 503,755 A (Ci. 21S-19) i Claims.

.This invention relates to tools or the kind having a rotatable and axially movablechuck and more 'particularly to an` improved tool of this Y character which ycan housed for driving certain forms or rivetsand'for various other purposes.

f body il having a head or. shoulder Il at its outerk I' Anobjectoi this invention is-"t'o provide -a tool v o! this 'character embodying novel mechanisms' imparting rotative 'arid pulling l movements t'o the chuck. j'f- Another object ofthe invention is to provide-4 ot the? character mentioned, l

able relative to thechuck for causingrotation Still another object of this invention is to provide an improved tool, of L the character referred tofin which a valve-controlled iluid pressure responsive means 4is 'employed tor actuating the ptlllin device.

.The invention' 4may be' further briefly sum- 1 marized as consisting in certain novel combina` tions and arrangements oi parts hereinafter described and particularly set out-inthe append-4 y', ed claims.

In the accompanying sheets of drawing-s,

Fig. 1 isa longitudinal. sectional view taken through a tool constructed according to the presentv invention, the -tool being shown in its extended condition: h l

Fis. 2 is a similar longitudinal sectional view showing the tool mits collapsed-condition;

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectionalview taken throughthe toolcnline I-#S oiFig. l; g.

Fig. 45 is a perspective Eview showing the hollow spindle in detached relation: Fig. 5 is -a detached perspective view of the piston;

Fig. `6 is a. detached perspective view showing seating and guide means ior the springs which returnthepiston; l

Fig. 'Z is a sectional view showing a rivet of the kind adapted to be driven by my improved tool, the rivet being shown in position for driving, and

Fig 8 is' a sectional view taken through thel same rivet atterdrivins.

nected. The rivet comprises a hollow stem -or end and an internally threaded section I8 adjacent its inner end. Indriving this form ofv rivet, a threaded bit such as the bit Il, is inserted into the hollow rivetand screwed into the threaded 'section I6. Apullinz force is'then ap- -plied tothe inner end Aof the' rivet by means ot the bit I1 thereby causing the rivet to be buckled or expanded'into engagement with the inner side of the work as indicated at i8 in Fig. 8. After the rivet has been thus expanded, the blt is unscrewed and withdrawn therefrom for insertion' in another 'such rivet. i

As shown in the drawingsfmy improved tool comprises a pair o! housing 'and stem members 2l and'2l, -the latter of which carries a nose 23 in which the bit- I1 is rotatably mounted. lThe housing member is constructed Boas to provide an enlarged hollow handle portion 24 and a tube 26 projecting from such handle portion and in which the stem member y2| is relatively slld- 4 able.

As will be explained more in detail hereinafter, the housing member 20 embodies a. mechanism 26 for rotating the bit l1 for screwing the same into the threaded section It of the rivet 'Il and 'another mechanism 21 for applying a pullingforce to the bit for` causing the rivet to be ex- 30 panded or upset.

My imprevedwoito be hereinafter described in greater detail can bel used for various purposes but is especially suitable for driving hollow rivets invwork where vaccess can be had from one side only. One form of rivet'for which the present tool is well adapted is shown in Figs. 7, and 8. The rivet l0 is shown in Fig. 7 in position for driving in which position it extends throush apairotsheetsorplates i2and litobecon- The housing member 20 is movable axially relative to the 'stem member 2l by manual force applied to the handle portion 24 and this relative axial movement lis utilized to actuate the mechanism 2B to cause lthe rotation of the bit l1. 4'-Ihe 'mechanism 21l for supplying the pulling torce is preferably a power actuated device and in this linstance i'sactuated by pressure fluid such as compressed air.

l The bit i1 comprises a threaded stem ilafand a head Hb having a transverse opening Hc therethrough. The head of the bit is retained in the nose 23 by being mountedin an end section 22 of a rotatable hollow spindle 30. The end section 29 is connected with the body of the spindle l0 by a-threadedconnection 3l at which point a disk 32 is mounted in xed relation in the hollow. spindle. Ihe parts 29 and 32 together constitute: a chuck for bit Il. A ball 33 seated in a recess of the disk 32 formsfa thrust bearing which is engaged by thevhead l'lb ol the bit Il. Balls 34 mounted in the transverse opening Ile and having a coill spring 35 therebetween form a clutch meml ber which cooperates with the end section 2l. This clutch member releasa'bly connects the bit i1 with the hollow spindle l0 so as to cause the bit to be screwed into, or unscrewed from, the

threaded section I4 of the rivet when the hollow spindle is rotated. Wher. the bit has been fully screwed into the rivet, the clutch member formed -end of the sleeve portion 25 thereof into engagement with the nose 23 as shown in Fig. 2.

'I'he rotatable hollow spindle 30 is supported in a. non-rotatable tube or sleeve 38 and has limited axial sliding movement in this tube for a purpose to be hereinafter explained. The -tube 33 is provided at its rear or inner end with an internally threaded portion or nut element 39 which forms a part of the mechanism 2i and cooperates with an externally threaded hollow stem or screw element 40. 'I'he tube 38 has relative sliding movement in the tube 25 of the housing member 20 and carries a key 4I which engages in a key-way 42 so as to prevent rotation of the 'nut element 39 during axial movementsof the housing member.

The screw element 4B has an enlargement or disk portion 43 on the rear end thereof which disk portion is journaled in the housing member 20 by a suitable anti-friction bearing 44. The disk portion 43 carries pins 45 on which spur gears 46 are rotatably mounted. These spur gears are constantly in mesh with a ring gear 41 carried by the housing member 20 and with a pinion 48 formed on a rotatable and axially movable shaft 43 which extends through the hollow screw element 28. I

The outer or forward end of the shaft 49 has a threaded portion 50 on which is mounted a connecting member I having a transverse opening 52 through which a locking pin 53 extends. As best shown In Fig. 4 of the drawings, the hollow spindle 30 has opposed axially extending slots or ireyway's 55 formed in the wall thereof into which the ends of the locking pin 53 extend. The pin 53 serves to form a drlve connection between the shaft 4S and the hollow spindle 30 which will be effective for transmitting torque while the pin 53 is being shifted axially along the hollow spindle toward or away from the nose 23. In other words, as the housing member 20 is moved axially toward the nose 23, the pin 53 will shift along the slots 55 and will meanwhile maintain a driving connection between the shaft 49 and the hollow spindle 30. Since the nut element 39 andhousing member 20 are held against relative rotation by the keyI 4 i, this axial movement of the housing member will causethe screw element 4|] to be rotated thereby driving the disk member 43. The gearing connecting the disk member 43'with the shaft 49 causes rotation at an accelerated rate e to be imparted to the shaft 49 and to the hollow spindle 30 through the connecting pin 53. The rotation thereby imparted to the bit I1 1s preferably such that the bit will be fully screwed into the rivet by one full-stroke movement of the housing member 20 toward the nose 23.

As will be seen in the drawings, and particularly in Fig. 4, the forward ends of the slots 55 of the hollow spindle 30 have lateral or arcuate extensions 51 into which the ends of the locking pin 53 move when the pin has completed its axial travel. The engagement of the pin 53 in the extensions 51 forms a bayonet connection or lock between the shaft 49 and the hollow spindle 30 which will enable a pulling force to be applied to this spindle by the shaft 4S. This pulling force is produced by the above mentioned mechanism 21 which is contained in the housing member 2l. The pulling mechanism 21 comprises a pair of -levers 58 pivotally mounted'in a chamber Il of the housing member 20, and a spreader 49 for spreading or separating the levers 58 to cause l. pulling force to be applied to the shaft 44. The levers 58 are constructed so as to have a recess 6I therein adapted to receive a head 82 carried by the rear end of the shaft 49. Adjacent the recess 6I,'the levers 58 have hook portions or thrust elements 63 thereon which engage under the head 62 and cause a pulling force to be applied to the shaft 49 when the levers 54 are separated. The head 62 is preferably formed in two parts, `as shown in the drawings, with a thrust bearing or ball 64 therebetween.

The upper end of the chamber 58 of the housing member 20 forms a cylinder 85 in which a piston 66 is operable. The piston 48 has a. suitable packing- 61 thereon and carries the wedge Il. Friction between the wedge 60 and the levers 58 is reduced by mounting rollers 83 on the levers for cooperation with the beveled faces of the wedge. Compression springs 69 disposed between the levers 58 and the walls of the chamber 88 act to move the levers toward each other and to constantly lhold the rollers 68 against the wedge 60, and also to cause bosses 85 on the levers to return shaft 49 to normal position.

Pressure fluid for causing the working stroke of the piston 6-6 may be supplied to the tool through a suitable threaded connection 18. A passage 1I connects the threaded opening Il with the cylinder 65 and is controlled by a valve 12.- 'I'his valve is urged toward its seat by a compression spring 13 and is adapted to be opened by manual actuation of a lever 14 hingedly mounted on the housing member 20 at a point for convenient manipulation by the user of the tool.

When the dow of pressure fluid to the cylinder 65 is cut off by the closing of the valve 12, the piston 66 is returned by a pair of compression springs 15, see Fig. 6, which engage the piston and seat against a transverse disk or wall 18 provided in the housingmember 20. Pins 11 mounted in the'wall 16 serve to guide the springs 15 and prevent buckling thereof. The springs 15 and the guide pins 11 extend into openings 18 provided in the body of the piston 66 on opposite sides of the Wedge 60.

As mentioned above. the hollow spindle 38 has limited axial movement in the tube 33. This axial movement permits the threaded bit I1 to recede into the nose 23 to enable the tip 18 thereof to be held against the head of the rivet I 8 while the sleeve 30 and Lit 21 are being rotated to prevent the rivet from turning while the bit is being screwed thereinto. As the bit advances into the rivet it will move outwardly of the nose 23 while the tip 19 of the latter is being held against the head of the rivet. A compression spring 83 provided in the hollow spindle 30 seats against the connecting member 5I and acts on the xed disk 32 tending to move the spindle 30 outwardly of the tube 38, that is to say. in a direction to propel or extend the bit I1 fr am the nose 23. The spring also acts to move the housing member 2l away from the nose 23 to its extended position shown in Fig. l after the rivet has been driven.

In using the tool, after a rivet is ln place in registering rivet holes of the plate: to be joined as illustrated in Fig. 7, the tool is advanced to project the bit I1 into the rivet until the end of housing 28 then advances sleeve 38 until the tip I8 of the nose 23 contacts the ange l5 of the rivet, the hollow spindle 30 and -the chuck 29 receding relatively against the action of spring 80 to accommodate this movement. Further pressure upon the housing then advances the latter relativeto the sleeve 38 and nut 39, thereby rotating hollow screw 40 and functioning through the planetary gear train to rotate shaft 49 and from it hollow spindle 30 with its chuck 29, 32 to which the bit l1 is frictionally joined by spring pressed balls 34, The spring 88 is compressed during this relative travel of the housing and the locking pin 53 is advanced along. the slots 55 of1 the hollow spindle. Before the forward end of tube 25 contacts nose 23 the bit will have been threaded into the rivet as far as it can go. Thereafter the ball ,clutch will yield and the hollow spindle will turn without communicating motion to the-head I'lb of the bit. As soon as the forward end of tube 25 contacts the nose 23, pin 53 will come opposite the slot extensions 51 and will turn into them. Then the operator presses on lever 14 to admit pressure uid to the cylinder 59 behind the piston 66, and the latter travels forward to spread levers 58 and exert a pull through pin 53 upon hollow spindle 30, which will cause the bit l1 to be retracted and to expand the rivet as. indicated in Fig. 8. The operator then releases lever 'I4 whereupon springsl 15 return the piston to its illustrated position, andthe levers 58 return to their illustrated position because of the action of springs 69. Now the operator relieves the pressure which he has been exerting upon the housing and pulls back on it slightly to cause enough reverse rotation of pin -53 to remove it from slots 51, thereby enabling the spring 88 to extend the parts 25 and 38 relative to each other and move nut 33 from the Fig. 2 position to that of Fig. 1, which produces reverse rotation of screw 40 with corresponding reverse rotation of bit l1, whereby the bit I1 is screwed outwardly from the threaded section of the rivet and the tool is released for the next operation.

From the foregoing description and accompanying drawings, it will now be readily under-A stood that I have provided a compact and efficient.

tool which can be used for various purposes but is especially suitable for expanding hollow rivets in,work where such rivets are accessible from one side only of the work. It will be seen also that the tool can be manually actuated to rapidly screw a threaded bit into such a rivet, and upon manipulation of a conveniently located valve lever, a fluid pressure responsive device contained within the tool is actuated to apply a pulling force to the bit to expand the rivet.

While I have illustrated and described my improved tool in considerable detail it will be understood, of course, that I do not wish to be correspondingly limited but regard my invention as including all changes and modifications coming within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

l. In a tool of the character described, a housing member, a sleeve projecting from said housing member, a spindle rotatable in said sleeve and having a chuck connected therewith, said housing member being axially movable relative to said sleeve, cooperating screw elements responsive to theV axial movement of said housing. gearing con.`

necting one of said screw elements with said spindle for driving the latter at an accelerated speed,

and means in said housing member for applying yparting rotation of the shaft responsive to axial movement of said nut, said connection permitting axial movement of said shaft.

3. Ina tool of the character described, an axially fixed rotatable hollow screw, a non-rotatable axially movable nut cooperating therewith, a

shaft within said hollow screw, an operative conl. nection between said screw and said shaft responsive to axial movement of said nut for imparting rotation to the shaft at a speed higher than that of the screw, said connectiony permitting axial movement of said shaft.

4. In a tool of the character described, a threaded bit, and means for turning and pulling said bit comprising an axially fixed rotatable hollow screw, `a non-rotatable axially movable nut cooperating therewith,.a shaft within said hollowy screw, an operative connection between said shaft and said bit, and an operative connection between said screw and shaft .for imparting rotation to the shaft responsive to axial movement of said nut, said last named connection permitting axial movement of said shaft, and means for exerting a pull on said shaft independently of said screw.

5. In a tool of the character described, a hollow spindle, means for rotating said spindle, a threaded bit having a head extending into said hollow spindle, an abutment in said spindle, an antifriction thrust bearing between said abutment and said head, and a friction clutch between said head and said hollow spindle, whereby the spindle may rotate independently of the bit when the latters resistance to rotation reaches a predetermined value.

6. In a tool of the character described, a rotatable and longitudinally movable shaft, a rotatable and longitudinally movable hollow spindle in alignment with said shaft, and a pin, and slot connection between said shaft and spindle permitting relative longitudinal movement and preventing relative rotational movement, said slot having an angular extension at one end thereof permitting limited angular movement between the shaft and hollow spindle for locking the shaft and spindle together against relative movement in an axial direction, whereby longitudinal movement of the shaft may be communicated to the spindle.

'7. In a tool of the character described, a housing member, a sleeve projecting from said housing member, a spindle rotatable in said sleeve, said housing member being axially movable relative t'o said sleeve, cooperating screw and nut elements responsive to the axial movement of said housing member relative to said sleeve for producing rotation of the screw element, a pulling device in said housing member, and means for connecting said pulling device with said spindle for exerting a pullingl 'force thereupon and for connecting said screw element with said spindle for transmitting rotary motion thereto,

' PAUL STONE. 

